How to Solve Cryptograms in 7 Easy Steps

A cryptogram is a captivating puzzle written in code or cipher, often resembling something straight out of a spy movie. It challenges you to decode a jumbled word or phrase by figuring out an unknown letter substitution cipher. But what’s the best way to approach these brain-teasing puzzles?

Most cryptograms use single-transposition keys, where each letter is substituted for another. This turns a simple phrase into apparent gibberish, like:

Example: Ygua ua gpq smtpmr xsm zrsem gpq yp apzbr xetoyphesna.

Fear not! With strategic techniques rooted in English language conventions, you can crack the code systematically.


Step 1: Identify High-Frequency Letters

English has predictable letter frequencies. The most common letters are E, T, A, O, N, followed by I and S.

Actionable Tip:
– Count recurring letters in the cryptogram.
– In the example above, M, R, and S appear 3–4 times—likely substituting for common letters like E or T.

👉 Want to test your skills? Try this cryptogram solver tool


Step 2: Decode Short Words First

Short words (2–3 letters) are easier to guess.

Common Two-Letter Words:
– of, to, in, is, it, as, he, be, by, on, or, at

Common Three-Letter Words:
– and, the, for, his, not, but, you, are, her, had

Hint: In the example, GPQ appears twice—likely a short word like can or how.


Step 3: Spot Double Letters

Only a few letters repeat consecutively in English (e.g., LL, SS, MM).

Example:
SZZ in a cryptogram probably decodes to all.


Step 4: Leverage Digraphs

Digraphs (two-letter combos) like TH, HE, and AN are frequent.

Top Digraphs:
| Digraph | Example Words |
|———|——————|
| TH | the, that, this |
| ER | her, verb, stern |
| IN | in, tin, spin |

Clue: In the example, YG starts the first word—likely TH (e.g., this).


Step 5: Target Unusual Letters

Rare letters (X, Q, Z) narrow possibilities.

Example:
XSM might decode to for or you based on context.

👉 Master more puzzles with our word game guide


Step 6: Check for Non-Transposed Letters

Some cryptograms keep letters like A or I unchanged.

Red Flag:
– If GLL appears, L might stand for itself (e.g., all).


Step 7: Recognize Common Phrases

Many cryptograms start with predictable phrases:
“The best…”
“Some of the…”


FAQs About Solving Cryptograms

Q: How long does it take to solve a cryptogram?

A: Beginners may take 10–30 minutes; experts solve them in under 5 minutes with practice.

Q: What if the cryptogram has errors?

A: Treat grammatical/spelling mistakes as extra puzzle layers—adjust guesses accordingly.

Q: Are there tools to help solve cryptograms?

A: Yes, but manual solving builds critical thinking. Start with frequency analysis.


Final Answer: The Solved Cryptogram

Using the steps above, the substitution cipher for our example is:

| A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
| S V X F R D H G U K J Z N M P O W E A Y I B Q C T L |

Decoded Message:
“This is how anyone can learn how to solve cryptograms.”


Pro Tip: Pair cryptograms with other word puzzles like anagrams to sharpen your skills!